So you’ve got your brand new guitar in hand, all tuned up and ready to go. But now what? How do you actually play a song on it? Don’t worry, we’ve got you covered. In this article, we’ll break down the basic steps you need to follow to get started with playing your favorite tunes on the guitar. From holding the guitar correctly to understanding chord progressions, we’ll give you the tools you need to start strumming and picking your way to musical bliss. So grab your guitar, get comfortable, and let’s learn how to play a song on guitar!
Choosing the Right Guitar
Acoustic or Electric
When it comes to choosing a guitar, one of the first decisions you’ll need to make is whether you want an acoustic or an electric guitar. Acoustic guitars produce sound through the vibration of the strings and the resonance of the guitar’s body, while electric guitars use pickups and amplifiers to create their sound.
If you prefer a more natural and organic sound, an acoustic guitar may be the right choice for you. They are great for strumming chords and playing fingerstyle. On the other hand, electric guitars offer a wider range of sounds and are ideal for playing rock, blues, or jazz music. They allow you to experiment with different effects and modify your sound through the use of pedals and amplifiers. Consider the type of music you want to play and the sound you are aiming for when making your decision.
Guitar Parts and Terminology
Before diving into playing the guitar, it’s helpful to familiarize yourself with its various parts and their names. Understanding the different components of the guitar will make it easier for you to follow tutorials and communicate with other guitarists. Some fundamental parts of a guitar include the body, neck, fretboard, headstock, tuning pegs, and strings. Each part plays a crucial role in producing sound and determining the playability of the instrument. Taking the time to learn these terms will greatly enhance your learning experience.
Selecting the Right Size
guitars come in different sizes, and choosing the right size is essential for your playing comfort and enjoyment. For younger players or those with smaller hands, a guitar with a smaller body and shorter scale length might be more suitable. These guitars are often referred to as “parlor” or “travel” guitars. On the other hand, if you have larger hands or prefer a fuller sound, a full-size guitar would be the best fit. It’s crucial to find a guitar that feels comfortable to hold and play, as this will enhance your overall experience and make it easier to progress in your learning journey.
Choosing a Guitar Brand
When it comes to selecting a guitar brand, there are numerous options available, each with its own unique characteristics and qualities. Some well-known and reputable brands include Fender, Gibson, Martin, Taylor, Yamaha, and Ibanez. It’s important to do your research and read reviews to find a brand that aligns with your preferences and budget. Consider factors such as sound quality, playability, durability, and value for money. Remember, the best guitar brand for someone else might not be the best for you. It’s a personal choice, so take your time, try out different brands and models, and choose the one that feels right for you and your musical journey.
Tuning the Guitar
Standard Tuning
Before you can start playing the guitar, it’s essential to ensure that it is properly tuned. Standard tuning is the most common tuning for guitars and involves tuning the strings to E, A, D, G, B, and E starting from the thickest to the thinnest string. To tune your guitar to standard tuning, you can use a tuner, piano, or even an online tuner. It’s important to develop your ear and be able to recognize when the strings are in tune. Regularly checking and adjusting the tuning of your guitar will ensure that it sounds its best and allow you to play along with other musicians or recordings.
Alternate Tunings
While standard tuning is the foundation, there are numerous alternate tunings you can explore to expand your sonic palette and create different moods and atmospheres in your playing. Some popular alternate tunings include Drop D, Open G, and DADGAD. Each alternate tuning offers its unique set of chord voicings and melodic possibilities. Experimenting with alternate tunings can help you discover new sounds and approaches to playing the guitar. It’s important to learn the specific tuning pattern for each alternate tuning and practice playing chords and scales in those tunings.
Using a Tuning Device
Using a tuning device, such as an electronic tuner or a tuning app, can greatly simplify the process of tuning your guitar accurately. These devices detect the pitch of each string and indicate whether they are too low, too high, or perfectly in tune. Electronic tuners are especially handy for beginners, as they provide a visual reference and eliminate the need for developing an accurate ear. Simply follow the instructions provided with your tuner, and it will guide you through the tuning process step by step. Remember to tune your guitar regularly to keep it sounding its best and ensure that you are always playing in tune.
Holding the Guitar
Sitting vs. Standing
When it comes to playing the guitar, you have the choice of either sitting or standing. Both positions have their advantages, and it ultimately depends on personal preference and the style of music you are playing. If you are just starting, sitting down can be more comfortable and provide better support for practicing. When sitting, use a chair with no arms or armrests, as they can hinder your hand movement. However, if you prefer playing while standing, it gives you more mobility and allows you to move freely on stage during performances. Whichever position you choose, make sure you are comfortable and can maintain good posture.
Proper Posture
Maintaining proper posture while playing the guitar is crucial for both your playing technique and your physical well-being. Good posture ensures that your fingers can reach the frets easily and that you have better control over your strumming or picking hand. When sitting, sit up straight with your back against the chair and keep your shoulders relaxed. Avoid slouching or hunching over the guitar, as this can lead to tension and discomfort. When standing, stand tall with your feet shoulder-width apart and keep your back straight. Maintaining proper posture will make your playing feel more effortless and reduce the risk of developing tension or strain in your muscles.
Hand Placement
Proper hand placement is a fundamental aspect of playing the guitar. For the fretting hand, place your thumb on the back of the guitar neck, slightly pointing upwards. This allows you to apply pressure on the strings and achieve clean notes. Keep your fingers arched and use the tips to press down on the strings, ensuring that they don’t touch adjacent strings and create buzzing or muting sounds. On the picking or strumming hand, the wrist should be relaxed, and the thumb and fingers should move in a controlled manner. Experiment with different hand positions to find what feels most comfortable and natural for you, as everyone’s hand shape and size are slightly different.
Playing Basic Chords
Open Chords
Open chords are the foundation of many songs and are typically the first chords beginners learn. These chords are played in the first few frets and use open strings to create a full, resonant sound. common open chords include C, G, D, A, E, and F. These chords can be played in different variations or inversions, allowing you to find voicings that suit your playing style and sound preferences. Practice transitioning smoothly between different open chords, as this will improve your chord changes and enable you to play a wide range of songs.
Barre Chords
Barre chords are movable chord shapes that allow you to play chords up and down the guitar neck using the same finger positioning. They involve using one finger to press down multiple strings across the fretboard, essentially creating a movable “bar.” Barre chords can be challenging at first, as they require strength and dexterity, but they open up a whole new world of possibilities in your playing. Common barre chord shapes include the F major, B minor, and E major chords. With practice, you’ll become more comfortable with barre chords and be able to incorporate them into your playing effortlessly.
Power Chords
Power chords are stripped-down versions of chords and are commonly used in rock, punk, and metal music. They consist of only two or three notes and are played by pressing down the root note and optionally the fifth and octave using your index and ring or pinky finger. Power chords are incredibly versatile and can be moved up and down the neck to create dynamic chord progressions. They are a great starting point for beginners looking to play rock music and develop their stamina and coordination on the guitar.
Learning Guitar Tabs
Understanding Tab Notation
Tab notation, also known as guitar tablature or guitar tabs, is a method of writing and reading music specifically for stringed instruments like the guitar. Guitar tabs provide a visual representation of which strings and frets to press, allowing you to play melodies, chords, and riffs accurately. Each string is represented by a horizontal line, and numbers on those lines indicate the fret to press down. Learning to read tabs is relatively easy and can be an excellent tool for learning songs without having to read traditional sheet music. With some practice, you’ll be able to navigate guitar tabs proficiently.
Reading Guitar Tab Symbols
In addition to numbers representing the frets to press down, guitar tabs also incorporate various symbols to indicate different techniques and playing styles. Some common symbols you may encounter include bends, slides, hammer-ons, pull-offs, vibrato, and palm muting. Each symbol provides instructions on how to play a specific part of the song or create a particular effect. It’s important to familiarize yourself with these symbols and understand their meanings to accurately replicate the intended sound and technique. With time and experience, reading and interpreting guitar tab symbols will become second nature, and you’ll be able to incorporate them into your own playing.
Playing Techniques on Tabs
Learning guitar tabs not only helps you play songs but also exposes you to different playing techniques used in guitar music. As you explore different tabs, you may come across techniques such as fingerpicking, strumming patterns, slides, bends, and more. Pay close attention to the timing and rhythm indicated in the tabs, as this will help you understand how to execute these techniques accurately. Additionally, don’t hesitate to experiment and add your personal touch to the tabs you learn. Playing techniques on tabs provide a solid foundation for developing your own style and improvising as you progress on the guitar.
Strumming Patterns
Basic Strumming Techniques
Strumming is an essential skill for any guitarist, as it allows you to create rhythm and accompany your playing. A basic strumming technique involves using a pick or your fingers to brush or strike all the strings in a downward or upward motion. Practice strumming from the wrist, keeping your arm relaxed and your pick or fingers in constant contact with the strings. Start with simple downstrokes and gradually incorporate upstrokes and more intricate strumming patterns as you become more comfortable. Focus on achieving a consistent sound and rhythm, and remember that practice and patience are key to mastering strumming techniques.
Common Strumming Patterns
Strumming patterns provide the foundation for the rhythm of a song. Different songs require different strumming patterns, depending on their style and tempo. Some common strumming patterns include the downstroke pattern, which involves strumming all the strings in a downward motion on each beat, and the classic “down, up, down, up” pattern, also known as the 4/4 pattern. As you progress, you’ll encounter more complex strumming patterns, such as syncopated patterns and patterns that incorporate muting and accents. Listening to recordings and learning from tutorials or guitar teachers can help you master various strumming patterns and apply them to different songs.
Creating Your Own Strumming Patterns
Once you have a solid foundation in strumming patterns, feel free to experiment and create your own patterns. This allows you to add your unique style and personality to your playing. Start with simple variations of existing strumming patterns, such as altering the rhythm or emphasizing certain beats. As you gain confidence, you can incorporate different techniques, such as palm muting, percussive slaps, or string skipping, to create more elaborate and intricate strumming patterns. Don’t be afraid to think outside the box and explore unconventional ideas. Creativity and self-expression are what make playing the guitar truly enjoyable.
Fingerpicking Techniques
Thumb-Index Fingerpicking
Thumb-index fingerpicking, also known as the Travis picking style, is a popular fingerpicking technique used in various genres such as folk, country, and blues. This technique involves alternating the thumb and index finger to pluck the strings. The thumb is responsible for playing the bass notes on the lower strings, while the index finger plays the melody or the higher strings. Start by practicing simple patterns, such as using the thumb on the 5th and 6th strings and the index finger on the 3rd string. Gradually increase the complexity by adding more strings and incorporating different finger combinations. Thumb-index fingerpicking adds a melodic and rhythmic element to your playing, allowing you to accompany yourself or play solo pieces.
Alternating Thumb Fingerpicking
Alternating thumb fingerpicking is another common fingerpicking technique often used in blues and ragtime music. This style involves using the thumb to play a steady bass line while the other fingers, commonly the index, middle, and ring fingers, play the melody and chords. The thumb alternates between the bass strings, usually the 4th, 5th, and 6th strings, while the other fingers play the melody on the higher strings. Practice alternating your thumb between the bass strings, while simultaneously plucking the melody on the beat or off-beat. Alternating thumb fingerpicking creates a syncopated and rhythmic feel, enabling you to play intricate arrangements and add a distinct flavor to your guitar playing.
Travis Picking
Travis picking is a specific fingerpicking style named after the influential guitarist Merle Travis. It combines elements of thumb-index fingerpicking and alternating thumb fingerpicking to create a complex and percussive sound. In Travis picking, the thumb plays a steady alternating bass line, and the index, middle, and ring fingers are used to play the melody and chords. This technique involves intricate finger movements and coordination between the thumb and fingers. Start with simple Travis picking patterns and gradually increase the difficulty as you become more proficient. Travis picking is often used in country, folk, and blues music and offers endless possibilities for creating rich, melodic arrangements on the guitar.
Playing Melodies and Riffs
Learning Single Note Lines
Playing single note lines involves playing melodies and riffs using individual notes instead of chords. This technique allows you to perform iconic guitar solos, play instrumental melodies, or add embellishments to your chord progressions. Start by learning simple melodies from songs you enjoy. Focus on accurately hitting the right notes and paying attention to timing and rhythm. As you progress, you can explore more complex melodies and experiment with techniques such as slides, bends, and vibrato to add expression and personality to your playing. Learning single note lines expands your musical vocabulary and gives you the freedom to express yourself creatively on the guitar.
Playing Guitar Riffs
Guitar riffs are short musical phrases that are repeated throughout a song to create a memorable and recognizable motif. Riffs are commonly associated with rock and blues genres, but they can be found in various styles of music. Some iconic guitar riffs include “Smoke on the Water” by Deep Purple and “Sunshine of Your Love” by Cream. Learning guitar riffs not only improves your technical skills but also helps you understand song structure and develop a sense of groove and timing. Break down the riffs into smaller parts and practice them slowly before gradually increasing the tempo. Playing guitar riffs adds an element of fun to your practice and showcases your rock and roll spirit.
Creating Your Own Melodies
Once you feel more comfortable playing melodies and riffs, it’s time to explore your own creativity and start composing your melodies. Creating your own melodies allows you to express your unique musical ideas and develop your personal style as a guitarist. Start by experimenting with different note combinations and rhythm patterns. Use the knowledge you have acquired about scales and chords to guide your melodic choices. Record your ideas and listen back to them to refine and develop them further. Don’t be afraid to make mistakes or stray away from conventional music theory – some of the most innovative and captivating melodies are born from unconventional ideas. Creating your own melodies is a rewarding and exciting aspect of playing the guitar that will help you grow as a musician.
Understanding Music Theory
Notes, Scales, and Intervals
Understanding music theory is a valuable tool for any guitarist, as it provides a deeper understanding of how music works, allows for better communication with other musicians, and opens the door to more advanced playing techniques. Music theory encompasses concepts such as notes, scales, intervals, and chord progressions. Notes are the building blocks of music and are represented by letters from A to G. Scales are sequences of notes that create specific moods or harmonies and are the foundation for melodies and solos. Intervals are the distances between two notes and determine the sound and character of chords and melodies. Familiarize yourself with these basic music theory concepts to enhance your playing and musical comprehension.
Chord Progressions
Chord progressions form the backbone of songs and determine the harmonic structure and mood. They are a series of chords played in a specific sequence that create tension, resolution, and emotional impact. Understanding chord progressions allows you to analyze and recognize common patterns in music, improvise over chords, and compose your own songs. Some popular chord progressions include the I-IV-V progression, commonly found in blues and rock music, and the ii-V-I progression, a staple in jazz and pop music. Learning and studying different chord progressions opens up a world of possibilities for songwriting, arranging, and improvisation.
Key Signatures
Key signatures are a vital aspect of music theory as they determine the key a song is in and which notes and chords belong to that key. Key signatures consist of sharps or flats placed at the beginning of a staff, indicating which notes need to be altered throughout the song. Understanding key signatures helps with transcribing music, composing original songs, and improvising. Practice identifying the key signatures of the songs you play or listen to and try to recognize patterns in the relationship between keys and chords. Mastering key signatures empowers you to navigate the world of music with confidence and opens up endless possibilities for creativity and expression.
Improvisation and Soloing
Basic Improvisation Techniques
Improvisation is the art of spontaneously creating music in real-time. It allows you to express yourself freely and develop a unique voice on the guitar. To start improvising, it’s important to have a solid foundation in scales and chords. Begin with simple improvisation techniques, such as playing notes from a particular scale over a backing track or jamming with other musicians. Get comfortable with the concept of “playing by ear” and allowing your musical intuition to guide your improvisational choices. Practice listening to different styles of music and emulating the phrasing and techniques of your favorite guitarists. As you gain more experience and confidence, your improvisation skills will continue to grow and evolve.
Soloing Over Chord Progressions
One of the most exciting aspects of playing guitar is soloing over chord progressions. Soloing involves playing melodies or improvising over a specific set of chords, adding your own musical ideas and expressions. To solo effectively, it’s crucial to understand the relationship between the chords and their corresponding scales. Start by identifying the key of the chord progression and selecting a scale that fits that key. Experiment with playing individual notes, arpeggios, and licks from the chosen scale over each chord of the progression. Gradually develop your phrasing, dynamics, and speed to create captivating and melodic solos. Soloing allows you to shine in the spotlight and truly showcase your guitar skills.
Using Scales for Improvisation
Scales are an essential tool for improvisation. They provide a framework of notes that harmonize with the underlying chords, allowing you to create melodic and coherent solos. Familiarize yourself with different scales, such as the major scale, pentatonic scale, or blues scale. Practice playing these scales in different positions and experiment with different fingerings and patterns. As you become more comfortable with scales, try integrating them into your improvisations by targeting chord tones and using passing tones to add tension and release. Developing your knowledge of scales and applying them in your improvisation enhances your musicality and allows you to effortlessly navigate the fretboard.
Congratulations on completing this comprehensive guide to playing the guitar! With the knowledge and techniques covered in this article, you are well-equipped to embark on an exciting musical journey. Remember, playing the guitar is a continuous learning process, so stay curious, keep practicing, and most importantly, have fun! Whether you aspire to strum chords around a campfire, play intricate solos in a band, or compose your own songs, the guitar is a versatile instrument that offers endless opportunities for self-expression and creativity. So grab your guitar, embrace the joy of music, and let your fingers dance across the strings. Happy playing!
